How to detect a black hole

It is the Centre of our via it milk into a black hole.A group of researchers has proposed a way to detect rotation black holes.

The idea is a unique feature of black holes which, true to its name, have never seen before.

The approach presented in the physical that nature journal could take advantage of light, called "angular orbital" property.

And that, according to scientists, the turbulent nature of the fabric of the timespace of rotating black holes impose you a 'twist' to this dynamic can be detected from Earth.

Particles of light called photons have two types of momentum - a kind of energy carried moving - but only one is family.

"" Take the Earth as an example: it rotates on its axis in approximately 24 hours, it is its angular rotation and also travels in orbit around the Sun, its orbital angular momentum ", explained Bo Thide, one of the co-authors of the test."

Photons can carry both (momentum), he told the BBC.

The angular momentum of photons rotation is manifested in the phenomenon of polarization, family effect used some glasses and sun lenses from the third dimension.

However, the orbital angular momentum is more difficult to identify, and although their existence was planned by the father of electromagnetism, James Clerk Maxwell is that in 1992 which were unable to find how to manipulate it.

Now, Professor Thide of the Swedish Institute of space physics and his colleagues have shown that unique conditions around a rotating black hole could also give through orbital angular light.

"On a revolving black hole time space and behave in an unusual way: space becomes time while time turns into space, and all the timespace slid around the black hole, is twisted into the black hole", explains Professor Thide.

While academics have managed this effect for some time in the category dark you like and little practice.

Saul Teukolsky, astrophysicist and expert at Cornell University, Ithaca, United States black holes

"Having a radiation source can be an idea to twist the same timespace.". The ray of light believe it spreads in a straight line, but if you look from the outside, you'll see that spreads in a spiral. "There are relativity"

The idea of rotating black holes could leave its imprint on passing light, was proposed by Martin Harwit, Cornell University, in 2003, in an article in Astrophysical Journal.

But Professor Harwit was light from a point beyond the black hole and it would simply be shut down. And their calculations have shown that the effect would be minimal.

Now, however, Professor Thide team showed the supposed renewable album light emissions are around black holes and emits an intense light, producing a fingerprint more deep, clear enough to be detected by the greatest telescopes on Earth, where its operators to know what that seek.

There is a consensus on the assumption masses installed at the center of galaxies, including our Milky way, are black holes, and if they are turned.

If a seal of light which can reveal the existence of rotating black holes revealed as a powerful instrument to discover how our Galaxy was formed.

Only large telescopes will add to the idea of detecting the uz twist.

"While theorists have succeeded with this effect for a period of time, is it categorized as dark and little practical importance", says Saul Teukolsky, astrophysicist and expert at Cornell University, Ithaca, black holes United States.

"Encouraging here is the perspective that can be used to measure the rotation of the black hole at the center of our Galaxy, although this would be difficult," he told the BBC.

In fact, implement the method, only the biggest telescopes can be used. Professor Thide says that telescopes very large network, New Mexico and the Square Kilometer Array and Atacama Large millimetre Array under construction, could help to test the hypothesis.

"Should modify the matrix of telescopes in the form of light, which probably is possible on the software, and then combine their signals in an unprecedented manner it explains.

"If we are lucky, we see the twisted projecting light." "If this happens, then open one or two bottles of champagne," promised.

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