Few believed in 1981 and then Vice-President and little-known Mubarak (who came to the Presidency following the assassination of Anwar Sadat leader) to keep the Presidency. Much less in the last three decades.
Sadat was murdered by Islamic radical in a military parade in Cairo and Mubarak was fortunate to escape gunfire while sitting next to him.
Since then, survived at least six assassination attempts.
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But, besides ability to Dodge bullets, he also succeeded in maintaining a strong position for nearly 30 years, has positioned itself as an ally of confidence to the West and the fight against a powerful movement of opposition inside its borders.
Born in 1928 in a small village in the province of the Cairo Menofya, Mubarak insists on maintaining their privacy in the public domain.
One of the fears of the opposition was the son of Mubarak, Gamal, prepare a dynastic succession.Two sons, Alaa and Gamal has with his wife Suzanne Mubarak, half British and graduated at the American University in Cairo.
Graduated from the Military Academy in their country in 1949, enter army airfield. As Deputy Minister of defence and Commander of the air force, he had a role in planning the attack surprise Israeli forces in the Sinai Peninsula to the 1973 Yom Kippur war.
Two years later, in 1975, he was appointed Vice President.
Click on the testimony of Cairo
Muhammad Sayyid Mubarak was sworn President Egypt on October 14, 1981, eight days after the assassination of Sadat.
At this time, there was little popular or international projection, full-bodied soldiers used the question behind the assassination of Sadat - peace with Israel - to build his reputation as an international statesman.
Just like their training Hosni Mubarak ruled as a military almost since he took office.
Meanwhile, he has held the country under emergency legislation giving State of the powers of arrest or restrict the fundamental freedoms.
The Government argues that draconian regime has been necessary to fight against Islamic terrorism, who came in waves, often targeting the Egypt lucrative tourism sector.
Mubarak has presided over a period of internal stability and economic development have led to the majority of their fellow citizens accept the monopolization of power.
Close to Mubarak said that their health and vigour are above their age.However, in recent years, Mubarak estimated for the first time pressure to promote political reform, both your most powerful ally in the United States Egypt.
In January 2011, inspired by the revolution in Tunisia, thousands of Egyptians took the streets to demonstrate.
Weeks protests and several proposals for gradual transition between the representative, suggesting remain in power until elections scheduled for September, popular pressure not transferred. Finally, Friday 11 February Mubarak resigned and her responsibilities were taken over by the army Council.
Click on the Egypt: part Tunisia II?
With this decision, announced on State television by the vice President, Omar Suleiman, survivor's great power in the Middle East, Hosni Mubarak, reached its political decline.
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